shintô
    Way of the kami
        kami
            that which inspires feelings of:
                awe
                reverence
                gratitude
                terror
                    Joseph Campbells's sublime
            kami can be:
                place
                    mountain
                    forest
                    island
                geologic feature
                    hot spring
                    volcanic field
                object
                    rock
                water
                    spring
                    pond
                    lake
                    river
                    bay
                    sea
                plant
                    special tree
                animal
                person
            ichirei shikon
                one spirit with four souls
                both "good" & "bad"
                nigimitama
                    gentle or peaceful soul
                arimitama
                    wild or rough soul
                kushimitama
                    mysterious or wonderous soul
                sakimitama
                    lucky or happy soul
    combination of:
        native folkways
            no founder
                collaborative maintainence
            no organization
                multiple variants
                highly localized
                    bottom up
                jinja honcho
            no doctrine
                stories of why things are and how they came to be
            no precepts or commandments
                no single set of beliefs
                    individual experience
                ethics / morality
                    external / internal
                small group ethics
            no belief or faith required
                belief
                    mental acceptance of and conviction in the truth, actuality, or validity of something
                faith
                    theological virtue 
                        secure belief in divine beings and trusting acceptance of their will
            no need for a building
                making sacred space
                finding / marking sacred space
            no idols
                until arrival of Buddhism
                shintai
                    places fot kami to alight
        Chinese and Korean influences
            kanji
            butsu (Buddhism)
                tendai-shû
                    synthesis of various Buddhist doctrines
                shingon-shû
                    predominantly esoteric teachings
                shugendô
                    Way of Training and Testing
                zen
                    daruma
                    rinzai-shû
                        eisai — founder
                        emphasizes sudden enlightenment thru meditation on koan (unsolvable questions)
                    sôtô-shû
                        dôgen — founder
                        emphasizes gradual enlightenment thru zazen (sitting meditation)
            jukyô (Confucianism)
                Confucius aka Kong Fuzi / K'ung Fu-tzu (Chinese) / koshi (Japanese)
                    Four Books and Five Classics
                mencius aka Mengzi / Meng-tzu (Chinese) / môshi (Japanese)
                    one of the most famous orthodox Confucians
            dôkyô (Daoism / Taoism)
                moral teachings
                Lao Tse aka Laozi / Lao Tsu / Lao Tzu (Chinese)
                    Tao Te Ching
        Indian influences
            reintoduction of Buddhist texts
brief timeline
    jômon Period (10,000 BCE – 300 BCE)
        mainly hunter & gather
    yayoi Period (300 BCE –250 CE)
        introduction of farming and rice cultivation
    yamato Period (250 – 710)
        kofun (burial mounds)
        emergence of central government
            establishment of the imperial bloodline
    nara Period (710 – 784)
        classical era
        capital at nara
    heian Period (794 – 1185)
        zenith of court high culture
        start of samurai class
    kamakura period (1185 – 1333)
        first shôgun
            political power shifts from emperor to shôgun
    ashikaga period (1336 – 1568)
        the sengoku era [Warring States] (1467 – 1573)
    azuchi-momoyama period (1568 – 1600)
        brief period  when Oda Nobunaga and his successor, Toyotomi Hideyoshi, imposed order
    tokugawa period (1603 – 1868)
        5 generations of peace with the tokugawa line as shôgun
            tokugawa ieyasu
                founder
                tokugawa shôgunshoku aka edo bakufu [Edo shogunate]
    meiji period (1868 – 1912)
        emperor meiji restored to suzerainty and imperial court moved to Edo, renamed Tôkyô
        Japan began imperialist expansion
        separation of Buddhism and shintô
        shintô as cultural practice, not religion
    taishô period (1912 – 1926)
        Japan continues military involvement in East Asia
    shôwa period (1926 – 1989)
        dai tô-a sensô (1931 – 1945) [the Great East Asian War]
            expanding Japan's military presence throughout East and Southeast Asia
            WWII (1941  – 1945)
            occupation (1945 – 1952)
    heisei period (1989 – 2019)
        post-war rebuilding
        Japanese culture successfully exported to the West
    reiwa period (Since 2019)
        the current era    
jinja shintô
    jinja honcho
        top down
        largest, but only 1 of 15+ organizations
            roughly 90% of jinja
        recent (1949)
        roughly 72,000+ of the 80,000 shrines
        40,000 shinshoku (shintô priests)
            some serve multiple shrines
            shrine ritualists
                gûji
                    chief priest
                gongûji
                    asssitant chief priest
                negi
                    suppliant priest
                gonnegi
                    provisional / assistant suppliant priest
                shuten
                    junior priest
                hafuri
                    ritual apecialist
                shusshi
                    apprentice or novice priest
            joshi shinshoku
                female priest
            kannushi
                older term for shrine keeper
        other shrine workers
            miko
                shrine maiden
                    can also mean sorcerer, diviner or medium
            tônin
                lay priest
            tôya
                those who organize and run a matsuri
        types of shrines
            jinja
                general term for shintô shrines
            jingû
                shrine with imperial connections
                also called miya
            hokora
                small auxilary shines
        purification
            water
            fire
            onusa
            hitogata
            shimenawa
            chinowa
kamidana
            ofuda
matsuri
    festival with religious overtones
    put on by either a jinja or a village
    occurs at a specific time
    frequently occupation related
    sometimes used to appease the aramitama of a kami
omamori
    
minzoku shintô
    praxis based
    highly localized
    tônin / tôya
        layperson performing as a priest, or organizing and running a matsuri
     kitôshi (medium or shaman)
        kamigakari
            possession by kami
        mukoku
            drean revelation
        miko
            female shaman
            female medium
            female shrine maiden
        geki
            male shaman
            male medium
            diviner

minzoku NEO-shintô
    mix of pagan, Slavic Heathenry and minzoku shintô
        parametric analysis
        BABA YAGA
            okami
        hi-no-kami
            sun
        tsuki-no-kami
            moon
        shi-yaku-jin
            four kami of misfortune
                binbô-no-kami
                    kami that cause poverty
                ekibyô-no-kami
                    kami that cause disease
                kyô-no-kami
                    kami that cause misfortune and disaster/crop failure
                shi-no-kami
                    kami associated with death and dying
    praxis based
    highly localized
    kannushi
        shrine keeper
 
The A to Z of Shinto - Stuart D. B. Picken
The Essence of Shinto: Japan's Spiritual Heart - Motohisa Yamakage
Figured Worlds: Ontological Obstacles in Intercultural Relations:
    chapter 3: The Politics of Animism - John Clammer
Funk & Wagnalls Standard Dictionary of Folklore, Mythology and Legend
Handbook of Japanese Mythology - Michael Ashkenazi
A History of Japanese Religion - edited by Kazuo Kasahara
Japan Before Perry: A Short History - Conrad Totman
Japanese Architecture & Art Net Users System - aisf.or.jp
Japanese Mythology - Juliet Piggott
Japanese Religion: Unity and Diversity - H. Byron Earhart
Japanese Religions At Home and Abroad: Anthropological Perspectives - Hirochika Nakamaki
Jinja Honcho - jinjahoncho.or.jp (in English)
Kokugakuin University's Encylopedia of Shinto - eos.kokugakuin.ac.jp (old site)
Kokugakuin University's Encylopedia of Shinto - k-amc.kokugakuin.ac.jp (new site)
Mountain Mandalas: Shugendô in Kyushu - Allan G. Grapard
A New History of Shinto - John Breen and Mark Teeuwen
New Larousse Encyclopedia of Mythology
The Origin of Modern Shinto in Japan: The Vanquished Gods of Izumo - Yijiang Zhong
Religions of Japan: Many Traditions Within One Sacred Way - H. Byron Earhart
Sacred Cedar Shrine - sacredcedarshrine.org (Western Wisconsin)
Shinto: the Kami Way - Sokyo Ono
Shinto: the Way Home - Thomas P. Kasulis
Shinto and Japanese Religion - sacred-texts.com
Shinto - a Philosophical Introduction - nihonbunka.com/shinto/index.html
Shintô Guidebook - onmarkproductions.com
Shinto Meditations for Revering the Earth - Stuart D. B. Picken
Shinto, Nature and Ideology in Contemporay Japan: Making Sacred Forests - Aike P. Rotts
Shinto Norito: A Book of Prayers - Ann Llewellyn Evans
Shinto Shrines: A Guide to the Sacred Sites of Japan's Ancient Religion
    - Joseph Cali with John Dougill
Sources of Japanese Tradition Volume One: From Earliest Times to 1600
    - compliled by Wm. Theodore de Bary, Donals Keene, George Tanabe, and Paul Varley
Tokugawa Religion: The Cultural Roots of Modern Japan - Robert Bellah
Tsubaki Gran Shrine of America - tsubakishrine.org
Wikipedia Glossary of Shinto - en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glossary_of_Shinto
A Year in the Life of a Shinto Shrine - John K. Nelson