jik | jitsu (ten)
kai (world)

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❖ Ten worlds or realms of existence
❖ The jikkai are divided into two groups.
❖ The first group comprises the rokudô
❖ The second group comprises the shi-shô

roku (six)
dô (path, road-way, street, journey, course, moral, teachings)

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❖ The six paths of suffering (Skt: Samsara)
❖ Also called rokudô-rinne

roku (six)
dô (path, road-way, street, journey, course, moral, teachings
rin (wheel, ring, circle, link, loop)
ne | e (-times, round, game, revolve, counter for occurrences)

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roku (six)
dô (path, road-way, street, journey, course, moral, teachings
rin (wheel, ring, circle, link, loop)
ne (round, game, revolve, go around, circumference)

ji (ground, earth)
goku (prison, jail)

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❖ The realm of hells – the lowest level
❖ (See meido)

ga (starve, hungry, thirst)
ki (oni)

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❖ The realm of hungry ghosts
❖ (See yûrei)

chiku (livestock, domestic fowl and animals)
shô (life, genuine, birth)

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❖ The realm of animals

a (flatter, fawn upon, corner, nook, recess / ateji)
shu (discipline, conduct oneself well, study, master / ateji)
ra (gauze, thin silk / ateji)
ashura (Skt: Asura – fighting demon)

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❖ The realm of bellicose demons

nin (person)
gen | ken (interval, space)
ningen (the world – archaism)

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❖ The realm of humans

(heavens, sky)

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❖ The realm of heavenly beings

shi (four)
shô | sei (sacred, holy, pure, saint, sage, master, priest)

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❖ The four noble worlds
❖ The four realms of enlightened existence
❖ Also pronounced shi-sei

shô (voice)
mon (hear, ask, listen)
shômon (Skt: Sravaka Arhats)

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❖ (listeners of Buddhist teachings)
❖ Disciple of Buddha
❖ (See jûrokurakan)
❖ The realm of voice-hearers

en (affinity, relation, connection, edge, border, verge, brink)
gaku | haku (memorize, learn, remember, awake, sober up)
engaku (Skt: Pratyeka Buddhas)

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❖ (one who achieves enlightenment without a teacher)
❖ The realm of cause-awakened ones

bo (sacred tree)
satsu (Buddha)
bosatsu (Skt: Bodhisattvas – enlightened being)

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❖ (the compassionate ones)
❖ Penultimate state before Buddhahood
❖ The realm of bosatsu

(Buddha, merciful person)

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❖ Buddhas (highest level)
❖ Buddhahood – awakened, enlightened
❖ Ultimate state for Buddhist practitioners
❖ The realm of hotoke
❖ Also called butsu, nyorai

(Skt: Buddha)

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nyo (likeness, like, such as, as if, better, best, equal)
rai (come, due, next, cause, become)
nyorai (Skt: Tathagata – perfected one / suffix of high-ranking Buddhist deities)